What type of memory is ROM characterized as?

ROM, or Read-Only Memory, is specifically characterized as a type of memory that is not intended to be written to in normal operation. Its primary function is to store firmware or software that is closely tied to hardware functionality. The rationale behind calling it "read-only" is that the data stored in ROM is typically written during the manufacturing process and is not meant to be altered or erased during regular use.

Unlike volatile memory types, which lose their data when the power is turned off, ROM retains its data even when the power is disconnected. This characteristic is crucial for storing essential programs that need to be available immediately upon startup, such as the computer's BIOS in a PC.

Therefore, identifying ROM as Read-Only Memory is accurate as it highlights its primary purpose and functionality in computing systems, distinguishing it from other types of memory that have different characteristics and uses.